Which machine primarily uses a hydraulic system to lift and move heavy materials?

The hydraulic crane is specifically designed to utilize a hydraulic system for lifting and moving heavy materials. This type of crane takes advantage of hydraulic principles, which involve the use of incompressible fluids to transmit force. The hydraulic system enables the crane to lift extremely heavy loads with precision and control by using hydraulic cylinders that convert hydraulic energy into mechanical force.

Hydraulic cranes are equipped with various components such as pumps, hoses, and cylinders, which work together to execute large lifting tasks efficiently. The design allows for significant lifting power while maintaining a compact footprint, making it ideal for construction sites and other environments where heavy lifting is necessary.

In contrast, while bulldozers, backhoes, and forklifts may also incorporate hydraulic systems to some extent for certain functions, their primary purposes lie in different operational capabilities. A bulldozer focuses on earthmoving and grading, a backhoe combines digging and lifting features, and a forklift is primarily used for lifting and transporting materials over short distances. Thus, the specificity of the hydraulic crane's design and function underscores its primary role in lifting and moving heavy materials efficiently.