In which direction should steam lines be pitched?

Steam lines should be pitched in the direction of flow to facilitate the proper movement of steam and any condensate within the piping system. When steam is produced, it tends to carry some moisture along with it due to the ceding of heat; thus, maintaining the correct pitch allows any condensate to drain away from the steam flow.

This configuration prevents water from collecting in the piping, which can lead to water hammer—a condition where trapped water in the system creates pressure surges that can damage equipment. By having the lines pitched towards the direction of flow, both steam and condensate can move smoothly, ensuring efficient system operation and minimizing the risk of issues arising from moisture buildup.

Other options suggest pitches that would either hinder the flow of steam, be ineffective at draining any condensate, or are not relevant to the practical installation of piping systems in steam applications.